Carnival: Myth and Reality at once.
Adriano Ademale Itaúna
Musician

The festivity known as Carnival is celebrated throughout the world in different styles which reflect the cultural aspects of the people from that specific region. Music, dance, fine arts, and the whole imagery of a group of people who live under the similar basis, are put together in order to create a moment in which a population express itself.

The biggest carnival worldwide happens in Brazil, around February and/or March of every year the whole nation of around 180 millions of people stops to promote what can be called as a glamorous outside theatre play. It has being the Brazil’s postcard throughout the world. There are a huge number of tourists who visit Brazil at Carnival time hoping to enjoy all the happiness, sympathy and so many other attractions which is believed to be easily found in Brazil at that time.

However strong a dream is, it comes from a reality, which is even stronger and choking. The Brazilian Carnival as it stands at the moment lies and miss represents the reality of more than half of the Brazilian population. The notion that Brazil is a multiracial country is spread throughout the world as an example of race unity which hides the reality in which oppressed people in Brazil live, and between the oppressed, the majority is of Black people descendants of African slaves. The present situation of Afro-Brazilians is an embarrass for both: black Brazilians and white Brazilians, not to mention about the native indigenous people from Brazil, who were themselves almost exterminated.


When talking about Brazil, it is possible to identify African influence in many aspects of the society such as music, dance, food, language, however it is also possible to identify the displacement of that African culture inside of that same society.

The situation of Black people in the carnival is an issue that cannot be discussed in few worlds. It dates back to African traditional societies and its royal courts with kings and queens and royal musicians and dancers which in Brazil can be related to for example the queen and king of Maracatu from Recife/ Pernambuco.

Despite the terrible and miserable economic, financial and political situation of most African countries Africans in Africa find themselves represented within their own society. I do not mean here that African countries have already achieved an independent status, it is known that U.S. and Europe do control many aspects of African countries economy, however it has to be done through Africans who fought to conquer their power back. In Brazil it is still done’ for’ the blacks, blacks themselves are not providing means for their own needs.

Black people of Brazil can only be a king or Queen during the carnival, during four, five or ten days of the year, after they have to be servants, living with no means to have education, healthy support and even food. My question is: servants of whom?

Of course there are no Queen and King in Brazil, and I do not mean it, I mean that the social position, the function, the possibility of a black person living in Brazil to achieve such a position is still under somebody else’s control. Apart from a few exceptions who in total do not manage to represent even five percent of the Brazilian black population, Afro-Brazilians are in need of an awareness of self consciousness about themselves, who they are and what they represent.

On the other side the oppressor middle class remains on the power of the whole carnival, making huge profits by employing and paying very little money to their servants, to any oppressed people who are dying for the next piece of bread and anyway, why make that person healthy, and conscious!? It would be a danger for the economy of the country, that country of millions of happy and beautiful people dancing gracefully. Let this people be happy for four days and miserable for the rest of the year.

The struggle of any oppressed people, no matter where from, will be finished only by that same oppressed people, it is not on the interest of the oppressors to be kind and nice and share any bread. Afro-Brazilians, whatever that means – mulatto, black or mixed – have to look inwards deep down into their roots and through the understanding of their culture, organise themselves to take part on all levels of the society in the same way that any other person does, regardless race, colour and gender.

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